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License Agreements - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 29, 2020	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Voting stock, value		$ 17	$ 6
Nano Tx Licenses Agreement [Member]
License fee payment in cash	$ 400
Voting stock, value	$ 300
Accrued payments due to NanoTx		$ 300

Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

13. Segment Information

The Company operates under one reportable business segment to advance the development, manufacturing and commercialization of complex and innovative treatments for patients battling cancer and other life-threatening diseases. The determination of a single reportable business segment is consistent with the consolidated financial information regularly provided to the Company’s CODM. All of the Company's long-term assets and operations are located in the United States, and the measure of segment assets is reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as total assets. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance, including comparing actual results to budgets and forecasts to assess variances, identify trends, and guide strategic planning.

In addition to the significant expense categories included within the consolidated statements of operations, the below disaggregated amounts comprise significant research and development and general and administrative expenses. These expenses consist of (1) clinical, manufacturing and research contracts for research and development programs, (2) personnel-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and share-based compensation, (3) professional fees, including third-party costs for goods and services such as lab supplies and contract research, and legal and other professional expenses, and (4) facility and other overhead expenses, including depreciation, occupancy, travel, insurance and other costs. Depreciation and amortization expense is consistent with those presented in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Research and development
Clinical, development and licensing expenses	$	801,000	$	1,404,000
Personnel related expenses		466,000		792,000
Professional fees		216,000		263,000
Facility and other overhead expenses		273,000		304,000
Total research and development		1,756,000		2,763,000
General and administrative
Personnel related expenses		984,000		649,000
Professional expenses		1,607,000		1,170,000
Facility and other overhead expenses		248,000		394,000
Total general and administrative	$	2,839,000	$	2,213,000

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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+ Details

Line of Credit Facility	3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Abstract]
Line of Credit Facility	9. Line of Credit Facility On May 31, 2024, the Company drew down $3.3 million on a margin loan facility under a line of credit (the “Pershing Credit Facility”) with Pershing LLC (“Pershing”), an affiliate of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation. The available credit line limit under the Pershing Credit Facility fluctuated based on the Company’s request for extensions from time to time, subject to the value of the collateralized marketable securities the Company holds with Pershing, provided that the amount available to draw under the Pershing Credit Facility cannot exceed 91.5% of the value of the collateralized marketable securities deposited with Pershing. Depending on the value of the marketable securities the Company held with Pershing, Pershing could have required the Company from time-to-time to deposit additional funds or marketable securities in order to restore the level of collateral to an acceptable level. The amounts borrowed under the Pershing Credit Facility were due on demand. As of December 31, 2024, the Company held collateralized marketable securities with Pershing with a total value of $3.5 million. Borrowings under the Pershing Credit Facility bore interest at the target interest rate set by the Federal Open Market Committee, subject to a floor of 5.5%, plus a spread of 1.75% and applicable fees of 0.5%, subject to a maximum interest rate of the then applicable Prime Rate as published in The Wall Street Journal, plus 3.0%. Interest payments thereunder were calculated on a monthly basis and, unless paid, were added to the outstanding balance under the Pershing Credit Facility. The proceeds under the Pershing Credit Facility are available for working capital needs and other general corporate purposes. Volatility in the global markets could cause the interest rate to fluctuate from time to time increasing the Company’s costs, or could cause Pershing to terminate the Company’s ability to borrow funds. In addition, borrowings under the Pershing Credit Facility have the effect of limiting the Company’s use of cash and marketable securities. On January 3, 2025, the Pershing Credit Facility was fully repaid and the collateralized marketable securities were fully redeemed.

Line of Credit Facility

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Line of Credit Facility [Abstract]

Line of Credit Facility

9. Line of Credit Facility

On May 31, 2024, the Company drew down $3.3 million on a margin loan facility under a line of credit (the “Pershing Credit Facility”) with Pershing LLC (“Pershing”), an affiliate of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation. The available credit line limit under the Pershing Credit Facility fluctuated based on the Company’s request for extensions from time to time, subject to the value of the collateralized marketable securities the Company holds with Pershing, provided that the amount available to draw under the Pershing Credit Facility cannot exceed 91.5% of the value of the collateralized marketable securities deposited with Pershing. Depending on the value of the marketable securities the Company held with Pershing, Pershing could have required the Company from time-to-time to deposit additional funds or marketable securities in order to restore the level of collateral to an acceptable level. The amounts borrowed under the Pershing Credit Facility were due on demand. As of December 31, 2024, the Company held collateralized marketable securities with Pershing with a total value of $3.5 million.

Borrowings under the Pershing Credit Facility bore interest at the target interest rate set by the Federal Open Market Committee, subject to a floor of 5.5%, plus a spread of 1.75% and applicable fees of 0.5%, subject to a maximum interest rate of the then applicable Prime Rate as published in The Wall Street Journal, plus 3.0%. Interest payments thereunder were calculated on a monthly basis and, unless paid, were added to the outstanding balance under the Pershing Credit Facility. The proceeds under the Pershing Credit Facility are available for working capital needs and other general corporate purposes. Volatility in the global markets could cause the interest rate to fluctuate from time to time increasing the Company’s costs, or could cause Pershing to terminate the Company’s ability to borrow funds. In addition, borrowings under the Pershing Credit Facility have the effect of limiting the Company’s use of cash and marketable securities.

On January 3, 2025, the Pershing Credit Facility was fully repaid and the collateralized marketable securities were fully redeemed.

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	14. Subsequent Events At the Special Meeting of Stockholders of the Company, held on May 2, 2025, the Company’s stockholders (a) authorized the issuance of (x) 28,042,138 March 2025 Series A Warrants and 28,042,138 March 2025 Series B Warrants issued in the March 2025 Private Placement, (y) shares of Common Stock that as a result of certain adjustment provisions set forth in the applicable warrants could become exercisable for up to 280,421,380 shares of Common Stock in the case of the March 2025 Series A Warrants and up to 1,261,896,210 shares of Common Stock in the case of the March 2025 Series B Warrants (in each case subject to the potential for further anti-dilution adjustments), (b) approved an increase in the authorized shares of the Company’s Common Stock from 100,000,000 shares to 2,000,000,000 shares and (c) approved the extension of the term of the Company’s May 2024 Series B Warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock. The Company filed the Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, effective as of May 2, 2025.

Subsequent Events

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

14. Subsequent Events

At the Special Meeting of Stockholders of the Company, held on May 2, 2025, the Company’s stockholders (a) authorized the issuance of (x) 28,042,138 March 2025 Series A Warrants and 28,042,138 March 2025 Series B Warrants issued in the March 2025 Private Placement, (y) shares of Common Stock that as a result of certain adjustment provisions set forth in the applicable warrants could become exercisable for up to 280,421,380 shares of Common Stock in the case of the March 2025 Series A Warrants and up to 1,261,896,210 shares of Common Stock in the case of the March 2025 Series B Warrants (in each case subject to the potential for further anti-dilution adjustments), (b) approved an increase in the authorized shares of the Company’s Common Stock from 100,000,000 shares to 2,000,000,000 shares and (c) approved the extension of the term of the Company’s May 2024 Series B Warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock. The Company filed the Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, effective as of May 2, 2025.

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Change in Fair Value of Liability (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	$ 0
Issuance	16,010
Change in fair value	9,659
Settlement	(531)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	25,138
Convertible Notes [Member] \| Funding Notes [Member]
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	0
Issuance	3,968
Change in fair value	(265)
Settlement	(3,703)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	0
Convertible Notes [Member] \| Exchange Notes [Member]
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	0
Issuance	3,763
Change in fair value	(251)
Settlement	(3,512)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	0
February 2025 Warrants [Member]
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	0
Issuance	2,762
Change in fair value	(2,231)
Settlement	(531)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	0
March 2025 Series A Warrants [Member]
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	0
Issuance	2,005
Change in fair value	3,079
Settlement	0
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	5,084
March 2025 Series B Warrants [Member]
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	0
Issuance	11,243
Change in fair value	8,811
Settlement	0
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	$ 20,054

Biocept Asset Acquisitions - Additional Information (Details) - Biocept Asset Acquisitions [Member]	Apr. 26, 2024 USD ($)
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Total cash payment	$ 400,000
Costs of acquisitions	$ 45,000

Stock-based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Stock Option Activity

A summary of activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:


	Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance as of December 31, 2024		598,540		$	7.08		9.00
Granted		707,088		$	1.16
Cancelled/forfeited		(36,689	)	$	9.12
Balance as of March 31, 2025		1,268,939		$	3.72		9.40	$	-
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2025		1,157,610		$	3.93		9.30	$	6,000
Exercisable at March 31, 2025		198,986		$	16.11		7.90	$	-

Loss per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Loss per Share

5. Loss per Share

Basic per share data is computed by dividing net income or loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted per share data is computed by dividing net income or loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period increased to include, if dilutive, the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding as calculated using the treasury stock or if-converted method, as applicable. Potential common shares were related to outstanding but unexercised options, multiple series of convertible preferred stock, and warrants for all periods presented. Pre-funded warrants totaling 23,972,400 were included in the weighted average shares outstanding (as of the beginning of the period or the date of the grant, whichever is earlier) in the computation of basic and dilutive per share.

The March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants (and for the period in which the February 2025 Warrants, Funded Notes, and Exchange Notes were outstanding) are participating securities because holders of such instruments participate in the event a dividend is paid on common stock, however such holders do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses. As such, losses are attributed entirely to common stockholders.

The following tables provides a summary of instruments where underlying shares issuable upon exercise or conversion were excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation for the periods presented because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Additionally, the shares underlying the February 2025 Warrants, Funding Notes and Exchange Notes, each outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2025, were excluded from diluted loss per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive.


	As of March 31,
	2025		2024
Outstanding stock options		1,268,939		303,133
Preferred stock		28,190		28,190
Outstanding warrants (Note 12)		3,141,993		142,733
Total		4,439,122		474,056

Stockholders' Equity - Preferred Stock (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,952	1,952
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] \| 2018 Rights Offering [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,014
Number of preferred stock, shares converted	398
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] \| 2018 Rights Offering [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	938
Number of preferred stock, shares converted	27,792

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

+ Details

Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Key Level 3 Inputs Used in Valuation of Warrants Liability at Fair Value (Details)	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 04, 2025	Feb. 13, 2025
March 2025 Series A Warrants [Member] \| Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input			3.98
March 2025 Series A Warrants [Member] \| Remaining Term [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Remaining term (years)			6 years 1 month 6 days
March 2025 Series A Warrants [Member] \| Volatility [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input			123.7
March 2025 Series B Warrants [Member] \| Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input	3.95
March 2025 Series B Warrants [Member] \| Remaining Term [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Remaining term (years)	6 years
March 2025 Series B Warrants [Member] \| Volatility [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input	146.3
February 2025 Warrants [Member] \| Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input		4.3	4.3
February 2025 Warrants [Member] \| Remaining Term [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Remaining term (years)		4 years 11 months 12 days	5 years
February 2025 Warrants [Member] \| Volatility [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input		102.1	98.5
February 2025 Warrants [Member] \| Fair Value of Common Stock [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant liability, Measurement input		0.3	1.2

Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - Recurring Basis [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		$ 3,530
Money Market [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 1	74
Investments		696
Treasury Bills [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		2,062
Government Agency Bonds [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		772
Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		1,468
Level 1 [Member] \| Money Market [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 1	74
Investments		696
Level 1 [Member] \| Government Agency Bonds [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		772
Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		2,062
Level 2 [Member] \| Treasury Bills [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments		$ 2,062

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Mar. 31, 2025	May 27, 2025
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001095981
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		32,717,054
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2025
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Trading Symbol	PSTV
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.001
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity File Number	001-34375
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	33-0827593
Entity Address, Address Line One	2710 REED ROAD
Entity Address, Address Line Two	SUITE 160
Entity Address, City or Town	HOUSTON
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	77051
City Area Code	737
Local Phone Number	255-7194

Loss per Share - Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Diluted Loss per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Dilutive common shares excluded from the calculations of diluted loss per share (in shares)	4,439,122	474,056
Outstanding Stock Options [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Dilutive common shares excluded from the calculations of diluted loss per share (in shares)	1,268,939	303,133
Preferred Stock [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Dilutive common shares excluded from the calculations of diluted loss per share (in shares)	28,190	28,190
Outstanding Warrants [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Dilutive common shares excluded from the calculations of diluted loss per share (in shares)	3,141,993	142,733

Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Standards

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Standards

1. Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Standards

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual financial statements. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2024, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations of Plus Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes therein included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2025.

Grant Revenue Recognition

In applying the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), the Company has determined that government grants are out of the scope of ASC 606 because the funding entities do not meet the definition of a “customer”, as defined by ASC 606, as the Company does not consider there to be a transfer of control of goods or services. With respect to each grant, the Company determines if it has a collaboration in accordance with ASC Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements (“ASC 808”). For grants outside the scope of ASC 808, the Company applies International Accounting Standards No. 20 ("IAS 20"), Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance, by analogy, and revenue is recognized when the Company incurs expenses related to the grant for the amount the Company is entitled to under the provisions of the contract.

The Company also considers the guidance in ASC Topic 730, Research and Development, which requires an assessment, at the inception of each grant, of whether each grant agreement is a liability. If the Company is obligated to repay funds received regardless of the outcome of the related research and development activities, then the Company is required to estimate and recognize that liability. Alternatively, if the Company is not required to repay the funds, then payments received are recorded as revenue or contra-expense as the expenses are incurred.

Deferred grant liability represents grant funds received or receivable for which the allowable expenses have not yet been incurred as of the balance sheet date. Grant Receivable represents grant funds not yet received for which the allowable expenses have been incurred as of the balance sheet date.

Warrants

Warrants are accounted for as either derivative liabilities or as equity instruments depending on the specific terms of the agreement in accordance with applicable accounting guidance provided in ASC Topic 815 - Derivatives and Hedging. Equity-classified instruments are recorded in additional paid-in capital at issuance and are not subject to remeasurement. Liability-classified warrants are recorded at fair value at each reporting period with any change in fair value recognized as a component of change in fair value of derivative liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company periodically evaluates changes in facts and circumstances that could impact the classification of warrants.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosure. This ASU includes amendments that further enhance income tax disclosures, primarily through standardization and disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The ASU is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2024, but early adoption is permitted. This ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, although retrospective application is permitted. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2025 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement (Topic 220): Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures, which requires an entity to disclose on an annual and interim basis, disaggregated information about specific income statement expense categories. The guidance should be applied prospectively with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The standard becomes effective for the annual period starting on January 1, 2027 and interim periods starting on

January 1, 2028. The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact that the adoption of ASU 2024-03 will have on its disclosures.

Stockholders' Equity - Common stock (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands								3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 07, 2025	Mar. 04, 2025	Feb. 13, 2025	Aug. 09, 2024	May 09, 2024	May 08, 2024	May 05, 2024	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)								$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Fair value								$ 25,138	$ 0
Excess of fair value of instruments issued over cash received								531
Carrying value of warrants exchanged								25,138
Change in fair value of derivative instruments								$ 9,143
Series B Warrant [Member] \| Amendment and Restatements May 2024 Private Placement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised								497,824
Pre-Funded Warrants [Member] \| Amendment and Restatements May 2024 Private Placement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised								6,535,731
Series A Warrant and Series B Warrant [Member] \| Amendment and Restatements May 2024 Private Placement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fair value of warrant liability reclassified to equity				$ 5,200
February 2025 SPEA Agreements
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)			$ 0.001
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 1.12
Aggregate purchase price			$ 3,700
Maturity date			Feb. 13, 2026
Interest rate			10.00%
Proceeds from private placement			$ 4,200
February 2025 SPEA Agreements \| SPEA Warrants [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate purchase price			4,200
February 2025 SPEA Agreements \| February 2025 Warrants [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fair value			500
Change in fair value of derivative instruments								$ 2,200
February 2025 SPEA Agreements \| Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount			$ 3,300
Number of securities called by warrant or right			3,002,009
May 2024 Purchase Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount			$ 3,200
Financing expense								3,100
May 2024 Purchase Agreement \| Series A Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fair value			2,700
Excess of fair value of instruments issued over cash received								3,700
Carrying value of warrants exchanged								3,700
May 2024 Purchase Agreement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued						3,591,532
May 2024 Purchase Agreement \| Exchange Notes
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fair value			3,800
Change in fair value of derivative instruments								300
May 2024 Purchase Agreement \| Funding Notes
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fair value			4,000
Change in fair value of derivative instruments								300
March 2025 Private Placement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount			$ 3,400
Offering expenses	$ 1,400
Warrant issuance expenses	1,000
Potential liquidated damages payment liability								$ 200
Fair value	13,200
Fair value of warrant liability reclassified to equity	5,800
March 2025 Private Placement \| Exchange [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount		$ 3,200
March 2025 Private Placement \| Series A Warrant [Member] \| New Capital Subscriptions [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		22,727,270
March 2025 Private Placement \| Series A Warrant [Member] \| Exchange [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		5,314,870
March 2025 Private Placement \| Series A Warrant [Member] \| Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		28,042,138
March 2025 Private Placement \| Series B Warrant [Member] \| New Capital Subscriptions [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		22,727,270
March 2025 Private Placement \| Series B Warrant [Member] \| Exchange [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		5,314,870
March 2025 Private Placement \| Series B Warrant [Member] \| Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		28,042,138
March 2025 Private Placement \| Pre-Funded Warrants [Member] \| New Capital Subscriptions [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		19,650,000
March 2025 Private Placement \| Pre-Funded Warrants [Member] \| Exchange [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		4,322,400
March 2025 Private Placement \| Pre-Funded Warrants [Member] \| Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		23,972,400
March 2025 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from private placement	15,000
Offering expenses	$ 400
March 2025 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| New Capital Subscriptions [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		3,077,270
March 2025 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Exchange [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued		992,468
March 2025 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 0.001
Number of shares issued		4,069,738
Issue and sale of share		28,042,140
March 2025 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 1.32
Expiration period		5 years
March 2025 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series B Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 1.98
Expiration period		2 years 6 months
March 2025 Private Placement \| Exchange Notes
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fair value		$ 3,500
May 2024 Private Placement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Financing expense							$ 3,500
Change in fair value of warrants									$ 5,700
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from private placement					$ 7,300
Number of shares issued					1,439,988
Offering expenses					$ 400
Proceeds from issuance of warrants							$ 10,900
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)							$ 0.001
Issue and sale of share							3,591,532
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued					3,591,532		3,591,532
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant [Member] \| Initial Subscription [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)							$ 1.772
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series B Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued					3,591,532		3,591,532
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series B Warrant [Member] \| Additional Subscription [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)							$ 1.908
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Pre-Funded Warrants [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued					2,151,544
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant and Series B Warrant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)							1.79
May 2024 Private Placement \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant and Series B Warrant [Member] \| Initial Subscription [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Closing price per share							$ 2.04

Liquidity and Going Concern - Additional Information (Details)						3 Months Ended
	Nov. 12, 2025	May 21, 2025	May 16, 2025	May 02, 2025	Mar. 08, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net Income (Loss)						$ (17,401,000)	$ (3,261,000)
Accumulated deficit						(510,880,000)		$ (493,479,000)
Net cash used in operating activities						(6,172,000)	(4,513,000)
Stockholders' deficit						$ (23,641,000)	$ (4,837,000)	$ (8,949,000)	$ (1,348,000)
Stockholders' equity requirement					$ 2,500,000
Net income from continuing operations					500,000
Maintain minimum market value of listed securities					$ 35,000,000
Forecast [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Additional period for regain compliance on achievement of compliance	180 days
Subsequent Event [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Consecutive business days			30 days
Period for regain compliance			180 days
Regain compliance expiry date		Nov. 17, 2025	Nov. 12, 2025
Maximum [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Period for regain compliance		180 days
Reverse stock split				one-for-two hundred fifty
Stock split conversion ratio				0.004
Minimum [Member] \| Forecast [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Consecutive business days	10 days
Minimum [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Reverse stock split				one-for twenty five
Stock split conversion ratio				0.04

Loss per Share - Additional Information (Details)	Mar. 31, 2025 shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Class of warrant outstanding	134,706,648
Pre-funded Warrants [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Class of warrant outstanding	23,972,400

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Nov. 05, 2024
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Operating lease right-use-of assets	$ 38,000	$ 73,000
Pre-clinical Research Study Obligations [Member]
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Contractual obligation	$ 0
Manufacturing Agreement with SpectronRX
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Initial commitment fee			$ 300,000
Charlottesville [Member]
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, option to extend	The Charlottesville Lease expires on
Operating leases, expiration date	Mar. 31, 2026

Fair Value Measurements - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Total investments	$ 3.5
Debt Securities, available-for-sale, amortized cost and fair value	$ 3.5

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,952	1,952
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,952	1,952
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	17,258,051	6,154,758
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	16,999,626	5,896,333
Treasury stock, shares	258,425	258,425

Grant Revenue

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Grant Revenue

6. Grant Revenue

CPRIT Grant

On September 19, 2022, the Company entered into that certain Cancer Research Grant Contract (the “CPRIT Contract”), effective as of August 31, 2022, with the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (“CPRIT”), pursuant to which CPRIT provides the Company with a CPRIT grant (“CPRIT Grant”) over a three-year period to fund the continued development of REYOBIQ™ for the treatment of patients with leptomeningeal metastases. The CPRIT Grant is subject to customary CPRIT funding conditions, including, but not limited to, a matching fund requirement (one dollar for every two dollars awarded by CPRIT), revenue sharing obligations upon commercialization of REYOBIQ™ based on specific dollar thresholds and tiered low single digit royalty rates until CPRIT receives the aggregate amount of 400% of the proceeds awarded under the CPRIT Grant, and certain reporting requirements.

The CPRIT Contract will terminate on August 30, 2025, unless terminated earlier by (a) the mutual written consent of all parties to the CPRIT Contract, (b) CPRIT for an event of default by the Company, (c) CPRIT, if the funds allocated to the CPRIT Grant become legally unavailable during the term of the CPRIT Contract and CPRIT is unable to obtain additional funds for such purposes, and (d) the Company for convenience. CPRIT may require the Company to repay some or all of the disbursed CPRIT Grant proceeds (with interest not to exceed 5% annually) in the event of the early termination of the CPRIT Contract by CPRIT for an event of default by the Company or by the Company for convenience, or if the Company relocates its principal place of business outside of the state of Texas during the CPRIT Contract term or within three years after the final payment of the grant funds.

The Company retains ownership over any intellectual property developed under the CPRIT Contract (each, a “Project Result”). With respect to non-commercial use of any Project Result, the Company granted to CPRIT a nonexclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free, perpetual, worldwide license with right to sublicense any necessary additional intellectual property rights to exploit all Project Results by CPRIT, other governmental entities and agencies of the State of Texas, and private or independent institutions of higher education located in Texas, for education, research and other non-commercial purposes.

The Company recognized $1.1 million and $1.7 million in grant revenue from the CPRIT Contract during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $0.4 million of deferred grant liability related to the CPRIT Grant. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $0.6 million of grant revenue receivable related to the CPRIT Grant.

Department of Defense Award

Effective September 1, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with the Department of Defense office of the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs to receive a $3.0 million award for research and development purposes (“DoD Award”) over a three year period. The DoD Award will be used to support the planned expansion of the Company’s clinical trial for pediatric brain cancer. On October 4, 2024, the Company received its first payment under the DoD Award in the amount of $0.9 million, which was recorded as deferred grant liability as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, no grant revenue has been recognized related to the DoD Award.

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-15

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/606/tableOfContent

+ Details

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Warrants Outstanding in Base Warrant Shares At Issuance and Number of Common Stock Equivalent Issuable Upon Exercise (Details)	Mar. 31, 2025 shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of base warrant shares at issuance	134,706,648
Number of shares issuable upon exercise	473,811,720
May 2024 Series A Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of base warrant shares at issuance	48,285
Number of shares issuable upon exercise	48,285
May 2024 Series B Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of base warrant shares at issuance	3,093,708
Number of shares issuable upon exercise	3,093,708
March 2025 Series A Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of base warrant shares at issuance	28,042,139
Number of shares issuable upon exercise	84,645,187
March 2025 Series B Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of base warrant shares at issuance	84,126,417
Number of shares issuable upon exercise	366,628,441
March 2025 Prefunded Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of base warrant shares at issuance	19,396,099
Number of shares issuable upon exercise	19,396,099

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Summary of Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively (in thousands).


	Fair Value Measurements Using
March 31, 2025	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Money market, presented in cash equivalents	$	1	$	1	$	—	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2024	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash equivalents
Money market	$	74	$	74	$	—	$	—

Investments
Treasury bills	$	2,062	$	—	$	2,062	$	—
Government agency bonds	$	772	$	772	$	—	$	—
Money market	$	696	$	696	$	—	$	—
Total Investments	$	3,530	$	1,468	$	2,062	$	—

Schedule of Change in Fair Value of Liability

The following table provides a roll forward of the fair value of liability classified common stock warrants during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	February 2025 Warrants			March 2025 Series A Warrants		March 2025 Series B Warrants		Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—
Issuance		2,762			2,005		11,243		16,010
Change in fair value		(2,231	)		3,079		8,811		9,659
Settlement		(531	)		—		—		(531	)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	$	—		$	5,084	$	20,054	$	25,138

Convertible Notes [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Summary of Key Level 3 Inputs Used in Valuation of Warrants Liability at Fair Value

As detailed in Note 12 below, the Company elected to account for convertible notes (consisting of funding notes and exchange notes) issued on February 13, 2025 at fair value as of the issuance date and immediately before settlement date of March 4, 2025. The convertible notes are valued using the binomial lattice model with the following key level 3 inputs:


	At issuance			At settlement
Interest rate	4.18% - 4.28%				3.99	%
Remaining term		1.0			0.94
Volatility		77.5	%		119.2	%
Fair value of common stock	$	1.20		$	0.30

Schedule of Change in Fair Value of Liability

The following table provides a roll forward of the fair value of the convertible notes (in thousands):


	Funding Notes			Exchange Notes
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	$	—		$	—
Issuance		3,968			3,763
Change in fair value		(265	)		(251	)
Settlement		(3,703	)		(3,512	)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	$	—		$	—

March 2025 Series A and B Warrants [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Summary of Key Level 3 Inputs Used in Valuation of Warrants Liability at Fair Value

As detailed in Note 12 below, the Company issued March 2025 Series A and March 2025 Series B common stock warrants in connection with the March 2025 Private Placement. The March 2025 Series A and March 2025 Series B common stock warrants are accounted for as liability at fair value, using the Monte Carlo simulation, with the following key level 3 inputs:


	At issuance			At March 31, 2025
Interest rate		3.98	%		3.95	%
Remaining term (years)		6.1			6.00
Volatility		123.7	%		146.3	%

February 2025 Warrants [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Summary of Key Level 3 Inputs Used in Valuation of Warrants Liability at Fair Value

In addition, the February 2025 Warrants issued in connection with the Funding Notes were required to be classified as liability and recorded at fair value. The Company estimated the fair value of the February 2025 Warrants using the Black Scholes model at issuance as of February 13, 2025 and as of redemption date of March 4, 2025, using the following level 3 inputs:


	At issuance			At settlement
Interest rate		4.30	%		4.30	%
Remaining term (years)		5.0			4.95
Volatility		98.5	%		102.1	%
Fair value of common stock	$	1.20		$	0.30

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/(DEFICIT) (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ (1,348)		$ 5	$ (126)	$ 479,274	$ (480,501)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		1,952	4,522,656
Balance, Treasury (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023				(78,559)
Stock-based compensation	146				146
Purchase of treasury stock	(374)			$ (374)
Purchase of treasury stock (in Shares)				(179,866)
Net Income (Loss)	(3,261)					(3,261)
Balance at Mar. 31, 2024	(4,837)		$ 5	$ (500)	479,420	(483,762)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		1,952	4,522,656
Balance, Treasury (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024				(258,425)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ (8,949)		$ 6	$ (500)	485,024	(493,479)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024		1,952	6,154,758
Balance, Treasury (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	258,425			(258,425)
Stock-based compensation	$ 148				148
Exercise of pre-funded warrants	0		$ 7		(7)
Exercise of pre-funded warrants (in Shares)			6,535,731
Exercise of Series B Warrants from May 2024 PIPE	882				882
Exercise of Series B Warrants from May 2024 PIPE (in shares)			497,824
Exchange of warrants for notes payable	(3,694)				(3,694)
Issuance of common stock, prefunded warrants and warrants for debt repayment	5,373		$ 4		5,369
Issuance of common stock, prefunded warrants and warrants for debt repayment (in shares)			4,069,738
Net Income (Loss)	(17,401)					(17,401)
Balance at Mar. 31, 2025	$ (23,641)		$ 17	$ (500)	$ 487,722	$ (510,880)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025		1,952	17,258,051
Balance, Treasury (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025	258,425			(258,425)

Line of Credit Facility - Additional Information (Details) - Pershing Credit Facility [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	May 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit	$ 3.3
Collateralized marketable securities		$ 3.5
Basis variable rate	1.75%
Maximum interest rate	3.00%
Applicable fees	0.50%

- Definition

The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.

+ References + Details

Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Composition Of Certain Financial Statement Captions [Abstract]

Other Current Assets

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, other current assets were comprised of the following (in thousands):



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Prepaid services	$	151	$	87
Deferred costs (Note 7)		444		436
Prepaid insurance		406		559
	$	1,001	$	1,082

Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

4. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value measurements are market-based measurements, not entity-specific measurements. Therefore, fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company follows a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below:

•

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

•

Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in active markets.

Assets recorded at fair value

The Company has investments in money market accounts, which are included in cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value inputs for these investments are considered Level 1 measurements within the fair value hierarchy since money market account fair values are known and observable through daily published floating net asset values.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had total investments of $3.5 million of money market accounts, treasury bills, and government agency bonds, with total amortized cost and fair value of $3.5 million. These investments are collateralized marketable securities. As of December 31, 2024, the Company classified available-for-sales as short-term investments in the condensed consolidated balance sheet because the maturity dates were less than one year from the date of the purchase.


	Fair Value Measurements Using
March 31, 2025	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Money market, presented in cash equivalents	$	1	$	1	$	—	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2024	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash equivalents
Money market	$	74	$	74	$	—	$	—

Investments
Treasury bills	$	2,062	$	—	$	2,062	$	—
Government agency bonds	$	772	$	772	$	—	$	—
Money market	$	696	$	696	$	—	$	—
Total Investments	$	3,530	$	1,468	$	2,062	$	—

Liabilities recorded at fair value


	At issuance			At settlement
Interest rate	4.18% - 4.28%				3.99	%
Remaining term		1.0			0.94
Volatility		77.5	%		119.2	%
Fair value of common stock	$	1.20		$	0.30

The following table provides a roll forward of the fair value of the convertible notes (in thousands):


	Funding Notes			Exchange Notes
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	$	—		$	—
Issuance		3,968			3,763
Change in fair value		(265	)		(251	)
Settlement		(3,703	)		(3,512	)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	$	—		$	—


	At issuance			At March 31, 2025
Interest rate		3.98	%		3.95	%
Remaining term (years)		6.1			6.00
Volatility		123.7	%		146.3	%


	At issuance			At settlement
Interest rate		4.30	%		4.30	%
Remaining term (years)		5.0			4.95
Volatility		98.5	%		102.1	%
Fair value of common stock	$	1.20		$	0.30

The following table provides a roll forward of the fair value of liability classified common stock warrants during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	February 2025 Warrants			March 2025 Series A Warrants		March 2025 Series B Warrants		Total
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—
Issuance		2,762			2,005		11,243		16,010
Change in fair value		(2,231	)		3,079		8,811		9,659
Settlement		(531	)		—		—		(531	)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025	$	—		$	5,084	$	20,054	$	25,138

Segment Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Expenses


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Research and development
Clinical, development and licensing expenses	$	801,000	$	1,404,000
Personnel related expenses		466,000		792,000
Professional fees		216,000		263,000
Facility and other overhead expenses		273,000		304,000
Total research and development		1,756,000		2,763,000
General and administrative
Personnel related expenses		984,000		649,000
Professional expenses		1,607,000		1,170,000
Facility and other overhead expenses		248,000		394,000
Total general and administrative	$	2,839,000	$	2,213,000

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Stockholders Equity Note [Abstract]

Summary of Warrants Outstanding in Base Warrant Shares At Issuance and Number of Common Stock Equivalent Issuable Upon Exercise

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had the following warrants outstanding in the base warrant shares at issuance and number of common stock equivalent that are issuable upon exercise (due to the price reset feature of the March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants, and the three times multiplier for the March 2025 Series B Warrants, both described above, the shares to be issued for these two instruments upon exercises are more than the base share amounts):


	Number of base warrant shares at issuance		Number of shares issuable upon exercise
May 2024 Series A Warrants		48,285		48,285
May 2024 Series B Warrants		3,093,708		3,093,708
March 2025 Series A Warrants		28,042,139		84,645,187
March 2025 Series B Warrants		84,126,417		366,628,441
March 2025 Prefunded Warrants		19,396,099		19,396,099
Total		134,706,648		473,811,720

Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

The Company leases certain office space in Charlottesville, Virginia (the “Charlottesville Lease”). The Charlottesville Lease expires on March 31, 2026.

Manufacturing Agreement with SpectronRX

On November 5, 2024, the Company entered into a manufacturing services agreement with SpectronRx for drug product development and manufacturing, which includes an initial commitment fee of $0.3 million. Under this agreement, the Company will own all rights to intellectual property related to the products developed, while SpectronRx retains rights to its own technology. SpectronRx is required to negotiate a commercial supply agreement upon six months' written notice before the Company's first commercial manufacturing needs. The agreement will remain in place for five years, automatically renewing for successive one-year terms unless terminated with six months' notice. During the year ended December 31, 2024 and the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company did not recognize any expenses related to this agreement.

Other commitments and contingencies

The Company has entered into agreements with various research organizations for pre-clinical and clinical development studies, which have provisions for cancellation. Under the terms of these agreements, the vendors provide a variety of services including conducting research, recruiting and enrolling patients, monitoring studies and data analysis. Payments under these agreements typically include fees for services and reimbursement of expenses. The timing of payments due under these agreements is estimated based on current study progress. As of March 31, 2025, the Company did not have any clinical research study obligations.

The Company has entered into service and subscription-based agreements, which are recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses, with an offsetting amount included in deferred costs within other current assets.

Legal proceedings

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims, whether asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited

to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions. Management assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and accrues a liability and/or discloses the relevant circumstances, as appropriate.

Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions - Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Prepaid services	$ 151	$ 87
Deferred costs (Note 7)	444	436
Prepaid insurance	406	559
Total other current assets	$ 1,001	$ 1,082

Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Details) - shares	May 02, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)		100,000,000	100,000,000
Subsequent Event [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000
Subsequent Event [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,000,000,000
March 2025 Private Placement [Member] \| Series A Warrant [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares issued	28,042,138
March 2025 Private Placement [Member] \| Series B Warrant [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares issued	28,042,138
March 2025 Private Placement [Member] \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series A Warrant [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of securities called by warrant or right	280,421,380
March 2025 Private Placement [Member] \| Common Stock [Member] \| Series B Warrant [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of securities called by warrant or right	1,261,896,210

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Cash flows used in operating activities:
Net loss	$ (17,401)	$ (3,261)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	146	155
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount		16
Share-based compensation expense	148	146
Noncash financing expenses	3,211
Change in fair value of derivative instruments	9,143
Accretion of discount on short-term investments		1
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	35	31
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	(16)
Increases (decreases) in cash caused by changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Grant receivable	571
Other current assets	74	150
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,418)	(43)
Change in operating lease liabilities	(35)	(31)
Deferred grant liability	370	(1,677)
Net cash used in operating activities	(6,172)	(4,513)
Cash flows used in investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(3)	(40)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	30
Redemption of short-term investments	3,531	(324)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	3,558	(364)
Cash flows used in/provided by financing activities:
Principal payments of term loan obligation		(402)
Repayment of line of credit facility	(3,292)
Repayment of notes payable	(3,703)
Issuance of notes payable and warrants	3,738
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	882
Purchase of treasury stock		(374)
Proceeds from sale of common stock, prefunded warrants and warrants, net	14,780
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	12,405	(776)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	9,791	(5,653)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	76	8,554
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	9,867	2,901
Cash paid during period for:
Interest		23
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Exchange of warrants for notes payable	3,694
Redemption of notes by issuance of common stock, prefunded warrants and warrants	3,512
Unpaid offering cost	$ 202	$ 141

Stock-based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Stock-based Compensation

12. Stock-based Compensation

Under the Company’s 2015 New Employee Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”), awards may only be granted to employees who were not previously an employee or director of the Company, or following a bona fide period of non-employment, as a material

inducement to entering into employment with the Company. As of March 31, 2025, there were 76,024 shares of common stock remaining and available for future issuances under the 2015 Plan.

The Company’s 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which replaced the Company’s 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, provides for the award or sale of shares of common stock (including restricted stock), the award of stock units and stock appreciation rights, and the grant of both incentive stock options to purchase common stock to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company. The 2020 Plan, as amended, provides for the issuance of up to 236,667 shares of common stock, plus the number of shares available for issuance is increased to the extent that awards granted under the 2020 Plan and the Company’s 2014 Equity Incentive Plan are forfeited or expire (except as otherwise provided in the 2020 Plan). As of March 31, 2025, there were 8,743 shares remaining and available for future issuances under the 2020 Plan.

Generally, options issued under the 2020 Plan are subject to a two-year or four-year vesting schedule with 25% of the options vesting on the one year anniversary of the grant date followed by equal monthly installment vesting, and have a contractual term of 10 years.

A summary of activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:


	Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance as of December 31, 2024		598,540		$	7.08		9.00
Granted		707,088		$	1.16
Cancelled/forfeited		(36,689	)	$	9.12
Balance as of March 31, 2025		1,268,939		$	3.72		9.40	$	-
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2025		1,157,610		$	3.93		9.30	$	6,000
Exercisable at March 31, 2025		198,986		$	16.11		7.90	$	-

As of March 31, 2025, the total compensation cost related to non-vested stock options not yet recognized for all the Company’s plans is approximately $1.1 million, which is expected to be recognized as a result of vesting under service conditions over a weighted average period of 2.9 years.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 9,867	$ 76
Investments		3,530
Grant receivable		571
Other current assets	1,001	1,082
Total current assets	10,868	5,259
Property and equipment, net	324	448
Operating lease right-use-of assets	38	73
Goodwill	372	372
Intangible assets, net	435	469
Other assets	19	12
Total assets	12,056	6,633
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	9,222	11,288
Operating lease liability	40	44
Deferred grant liability	1,297	927
Line of credit		3,292
Total current liabilities	10,559	15,551
Warrant liability	25,138
Noncurrent operating lease liability		31
Total liabilities	35,697	15,582
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; 1,952 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 17,258,051 and 16,999,626 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2025, and 6,154,758 issued and 5,896,333 outstanding as of December 31, 2024, respectively	17	6
Treasury stock (at cost, 258,425 shares as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	(500)	(500)
Additional paid-in capital	487,722	485,024
Accumulated deficit	(510,880)	(493,479)
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)	(23,641)	(8,949)
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)	$ 12,056	$ 6,633

Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Key Level 3 Inputs Used in Fair Value (Details) - Convertible Notes [Member]	Mar. 04, 2025	Feb. 13, 2025
Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Measurement Input	3.99
Interest Rate [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Measurement Input		4.18
Interest Rate [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Measurement Input		4.28
Remaining Term [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Convertible Notes Term	11 months 8 days	1 year
Volatility [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Measurement Input	119.2	77.5
Fair Value of Common Stock [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Measurement Input	0.3	1.2

Stock-based Compensation - Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Options [Roll Forward]
Balance as of December 31, 2024 (in shares)	598,540
Granted (in shares)	707,088
Cancelled/forfeited (in shares)	(36,689)
Balance as of March 31, 2025 (in shares)	1,268,939	598,540
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2025 (in shares)	1,157,610
Exercisable at March 31, 2025 (in shares)	198,986
Weighted Average Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Balance as of December 31, 2024 (in dollars per share)	$ 7.08
Granted (in dollars per share)	1.16
Cancelled/forfeited (in dollars per share)	9.12
Balance as of March 31, 2025 (in dollars per share)	3.72	$ 7.08
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2025 (in dollars per share)	3.93
Exercisable at March 31, 2025 (in dollars per share)	$ 16.11
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) [Roll Forward]
Balance as of March 31, 2025	9 years 4 months 24 days	9 years
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2025	9 years 3 months 18 days
Exercisable at March 31, 2025	7 years 10 months 24 days
Aggregated Intrinsic Value [Roll Forward]
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$ 0
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2025	6,000
Exercisable at March 31, 2025	0
Exercisable at March 31, 2025	$ 6,000

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (17,401)	$ (3,261)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

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+ Details

Segment Information - Schedule of Segment Expenses (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total research and development	$ 1,756,000	$ 2,763,000
Total general and administrative	2,839,000	2,213,000
Clinical Development and Licensing Expenses [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total research and development	801,000	1,404,000
Personnel Related Expenses [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total research and development	466,000	792,000
Total general and administrative	984,000	649,000
Professional Expenses [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total research and development	216,000	263,000
Total general and administrative	1,607,000	1,170,000
Facility And Other Overhead Expenses [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total research and development	273,000	304,000
Total general and administrative	$ 248,000	$ 394,000

Grant Revenue - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)			3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 01, 2024	Sep. 19, 2022	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Oct. 04, 2024
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized			$ 1,059,000	$ 1,677,000
CPRIT Contract [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Grant funding term		3 years
CPRIT grant funding term, description			The CPRIT Grant is subject to customary CPRIT funding conditions, including, but not limited to, a matching fund requirement (one dollar for every two dollars awarded by CPRIT), revenue sharing obligations upon commercialization of REYOBIQ™ based on specific dollar thresholds and tiered low single digit royalty rates until CPRIT receives the aggregate amount of 400% of the proceeds awarded under the CPRIT Grant, and certain reporting requirements.
Contract effective date		Aug. 31, 2022
Contract termination date		Aug. 30, 2025
CPRIT Contract [Member] \| Grant [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized			$ 1,100,000	$ 1,700,000
Grant revenue receivable					$ 600,000
Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Amount to be received as award for research and development	$ 3,000,000
Department of Defense Award [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Grant revenue			$ 0		$ 0
Research and development award in period	3 years
First payment received						$ 900,000

Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Standards - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
Grant receivable	$ 0
Change in accounting principle, accounting standards update, adopted	true
Change in accounting principle, accounting standards update, adoption date	Jan. 01, 2025
Change in accounting principle, accounting standards update, immaterial effect	true
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration]	us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate202309Member

- Definition

Indicates amendment to accounting standards.

+ References

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+ Details

Stockholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Stockholders Equity Note [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

11. Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

The Company has authorized 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. The Company’s board of directors is authorized to designate the terms and conditions of any preferred stock the Company issues without further action by the common stockholders.

Series B and C Preferred Stock

As of March 31, 2025, there were 938 outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock that can be converted into an aggregate of 27,792 shares of common stock, and 1,014 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock that can be converted into an aggregate of 398 shares of common stock.

Common Stock

February 2025 SPEA Agreements

On February 13, 2025 (the “February 2025 Closing Date”), the Company entered into a Securities Purchase and Exchange Agreement (the “February 2025 SPEA”) with certain existing accredited investors (the “February 2025 Purchasers”). Pursuant to the February 2025 SPEA, on the February 2025 Closing Date the Company issued secured convertible promissory notes (the “Funding Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $3.3 million together with common stock purchase warrants (the “February 2025 Warrants”) to purchase 3,002,009 shares of the Company common stock, par value $0.001 (the “Common Stock”) at an exercise price of $1.12 per share (the “February 2025 Warrant Exercise Price”). The aggregate purchase price for the Funding Notes and the February 2025 Warrants was approximately $3.7 million (the “Aggregate Purchase Price”) and included proceeds from the February 2025 Purchasers of $0.125 per February 2025 Warrant in accordance with Nasdaq listing rules. The Funding Notes would mature on February 13, 2026, and bore interest at a rate of 10% per annum, subject to increase upon events of default. The February 2025 Warrants were exercisable for five-years from the date of issuance.

The Funding Notes, accrued interest and February 2025 warrants were repurchased by the Company subsequent to consummation of the March 2025 Private Placement for proceeds of $4.2 million.

Secured Interest

The obligations of the Company under the February 2025 SPEA, Funding Notes and Exchange Notes (as defined below) were secured by a pledge of substantially all of assets of the Company pursuant to a security agreement, dated as of the February 2025 Closing Date, among the Company, CNSide Diagnostics, LLC (a subsidiary of the Company, “CNSide Diagnostics”), and Iroquois Master Fund Ltd., as collateral agent for the February 2025 Purchasers (the “Security Agreement”), subject to certain exceptions. The Security Agreement contained certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on the Company’s and CNSide Diagnostic’s ability to dispose of assets, subject to customary exceptions. The repayment of the Company’s obligations under the February 2025 SPEA and Notes were guaranteed pursuant to a subsidiary guarantee, dated as of the February 2025 Closing Date (the “Subsidiary Guarantee”), by and among CNSide Diagnostics and the February 2025 Purchasers. The Security Agreement and the Subsidiary Guarantee were subsequently terminated after the closing of the private placement pursuant to the March 2025 SPA (as defined below).

Exchange Notes

As disclosed below, the Company entered into the May 2024 Purchase Agreement (defined below), with the May 2024 Purchasers for the private placement of securities, including the May 2024 Series A Warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to

3,591,532 shares of common stock. The May 2024 Purchase Agreement included certain limitations and restrictions on the Company’s ability to issue securities and provided the May 2024 Purchasers and the other investors signatories to the May 2024 Purchase Agreement participation rights in future equity and equity-linked offerings of securities, subject to certain limited exceptions (the “Financing Restrictions”). On the February 2025 Closing Date, pursuant to the February 2025 SPEA, the Company issued to the May 2024 Purchasers secured convertible promissory notes in the aggregate amount of $3.2 million (the “Exchange Notes”) in exchange for cancellation of the May 2024 Series A Warrants held by the Purchasers, and the Purchasers entered into a second amendment to the May 2024 Purchase Agreement to eliminate the Financing Restrictions. The terms and conditions of the Exchange Notes were substantially identical in all material respects to the Funding Notes. The Security Agreement and Subsidiary Guarantee also applied to the obligations under the Exchange Notes. The Exchange Notes were exchanged after the closing of the March 2025 Private Placement as defined below.

Both the Funding Notes and the Exchange Notes contained embedded conversion features that were required to be bifurcated and accounted for as derivative liabilities. The Company evaluated authoritative guidance for accounting for convertible debt instruments and elected to account for the Funding Notes and Exchange Notes at fair value. Consequently, the Company recorded the Funding Notes and Exchange Notes in its entirety at fair value at issuance and immediately before settlement, with changes in fair value recorded as change in fair value of derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations between the issuance date and the settlement date.

The Company entered into the transaction due to immediate funding requirements. Under authoritative guidance, if the fair value of a warrant liability exceeds the proceeds received in an arm’s length transaction with no rights or privileges that require separate accounting recognition as an asset identified, then the warrant liability is recorded at fair value with the excess of fair value over proceeds recognized as a loss in earnings. The Exchange Notes, Funding Notes and associated warrants were recorded at fair value on the issuance date at $3.8 million, $4.0 million and $2.7 million, respectively. The excess of the fair value of the instruments issued over cash received of $3.7 million and the carrying value of the May 2024 Series A Warrants exchanged of $3.7 million, in the amount of $3.1 million was recorded as a financing expense in the statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Changes in the fair value of Exchange Notes, Funding Notes and February 2025 Warrants between issuance date and settlement date, in the amount of a gain of $0.3 million, a gain of $0.3 million and a gain of $2.2 million, respectively, were recorded as change in the fair value of derivative instruments in the statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

March 2025 Private Placement

On March 4, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “March 2025 SPA”) with accredited investors, including certain existing stockholders of the Company (collectively, the “March 2025 Private Placement Purchasers”) for a private placement of securities (the “March 2025 Private Placement”). The March 2025 SPA, provides for the sale and issuance by the Company of an aggregate of 28,042,140 shares (the “March 2025 Private Placement Shares”) of the Company’s Common Stock, or, at the election of each Purchaser, prefunded warrants to purchase Common Stock (the “March 2025 Prefunded Warrants”), exercisable immediately at an exercise price of $0.001 per share (the “March 2025 Prefunded Warrant Shares”), with each March 2025 Private Placement Share or March 2025 Prefunded Warrant accompanied by (i) a Series A common warrant (the “March 2025 Series A Warrants”) to purchase one share of Common Stock (the “March 2025 Series A Warrant Shares”), and (ii) one Series B common warrant (the “March 2025 Series B Warrants”) to purchase one share of Common Stock (see below for additional details on the Series B Warrants cashless exercise provisions) (the “March 2025 Series B Warrant Shares,” and together with the March 2025 Series A Warrant Shares, the “March 2025 Common Warrant Shares”). The March 2025 Private Placement Shares, March 2025 Prefunded Warrants, March 2025 Prefunded Warrant Shares, March 2025 Series A Warrants, March 2025 Series B Warrants, and the March 2025 Common Warrant Shares are collectively referred to herein as the “March 2025 Securities.” Pursuant to the March 2025 SPA, the Company issued to the March 2025 Private Placement Purchasers 4,069,738 March 2025 Private Placement Shares, 23,972,400 March 2025 Prefunded Warrants, 28,042,138 March 2025 Series A Warrants and 28,042,138 March 2025 Series B Warrants.

The combined purchase price of $0.66 for each March 2025 Private Placement Share or $0.659 for each March 2025 Prefunded Warrant in the March 2025 Private Placement, together with one accompanying March 2025 Series A Warrant and one accompanying March 2025 Series B Warrant, represents the applicable “Minimum Price” in accordance with Nasdaq Rule 5635(d).

The initial exercise price of each March 2025 Series A Warrant issued in the March 2025 Private Placement is $1.32 per share of Common Stock. The March 2025 Series A Warrants are exercisable only following stockholder approval and expire five (5) years thereafter. The March 2025 Series A Warrants are subject to certain price reset, share combination event and anti-dilution provisions which, if triggered, provide that the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the March 2025 Series A Warrants will downward adjust, subject to a floor price of $0.132 (the “Floor Price”), and the number of shares issuable upon exercise therefor will increase such that the aggregate exercise price remains unchanged.

The initial exercise price of each March 2025 Series B Warrant issued in the March 2025 Private Placement is $1.98 per share of Common Stock. The March 2025 Series B Warrants are exercisable only following stockholder approval and expire two and one-half (2.5) years thereafter. The March 2025 Series B Warrants are subject to certain price reset and share combination event provisions which, if triggered, provide that the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the March 2025 Series B Warrants will downward adjust, subject to the Floor Price, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise therefor will increase such that the aggregate exercise price remains unchanged. In addition, the March 2025 Series B Warrant alternative cashless exercise provision provides that the March 2025 Series B Warrant can be exercised without further payment to the Company and for three times the number of shares of Common Stock then subject to the March 2025 Series B Warrant.

The March 2025 Prefunded Warrants will be exercisable from the date of issuance until exercised in full. The March 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants, March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants may not be exercised to the extent that immediately following such exercise, the holder would beneficially own greater than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, greater than 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock.

In connection with the March 2025 Private Placement, the Company issued 3,077,270 shares of Common Stock, 19,650,000 shares of March 2025 Prefunded Warrants in lieu thereof, and accompanying 22,727,270 March 2025 Series A Warrants and 22,727,270 March 2025 Series B Warrants in consideration of new capital subscriptions. In addition, the Company issued 992,468 shares of Common Stock, 4,322,400 March 2025 Prefunded Warrants in lieu thereof, and accompanying 5,314,870 March 2025 Series A Warrants and 5,314,870 March 2025 Series B Warrants, were issued in exchange for the cancelation of approximately $3.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the Exchange Notes.

The Company evaluated the terms of the February 2025 Warrants, March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants under authoritative guidance and concluded that each of the instruments should be accounted for as a liability instrument at fair value at issuance and each subsequent balance sheet date until settlement, with changes in the fair value recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. March 2025 Pre-funded Warrants meet the criteria to be recorded as equity in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The March 2025 Private Placement closed on March 7, 2025 (the “March 2025 Closing Date”). The aggregate gross proceeds at the March 2025 Closing Date totaled approximately $15.0 million. The gross proceeds, along with the fair value of the February 2025 Warrants of $0.5 million and Exchange Notes of $3.5 million as of the settlement date of March 4, 2025, were first allocated to the warrant liability instruments at their full fair value, totaling $13.2 million, with the remainder of $5.8 million recorded to common stock and additional paid-in capital in equity of the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Total offering expenses of $1.4 million were allocated based on the allocated amount of proceeds to warrant liabilities and equity, with $1.0 million recorded as warrant issuance expenses and expensed as incurred, and the remaining $0.4 million recorded as common stock issuance costs in additional paid-in capital.

In connection with the March 2025 Private Placement transaction, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement with the March 2025 Private Placement Purchasers (the “Registration Rights Agreement”). In accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company is required to file a registration statement to register the common stock, prefunded warrants and warrants issued in connection with the March 2025 Private Placement. If the Company fails to do so within certain specified criteria, the Company could be obligated to pay 1% (and up to 6% under certain circumstances) of proceeds raised as liquidated damages to the March 2025 Private Placement Purchasers. The Company recorded a liability of $0.2 million as of March 31, 2025 for such potential liquidated damages payment.

On May 2, 2025, the Company’s stockholders approved, among other things, the March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants, and an amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the authorized share capital of the Company to an amount sufficient to cover the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants.

First Amendment to the February 2025 SPEA

In connection with entering into the March 2025 SPA, the Company entered into that certain First Amendment to the February 2025 SPEA (the “First Amendment”). The February 2025 SPEA included certain limitations and restrictions on the Company’s ability to issue securities and provided the investors with participation rights in future equity and equity-linked offerings of securities, subject to certain limited exceptions (the “New Financing Restrictions”). Pursuant to the First Amendment, subject to consummation of the March 2025 Private Placement, the Company agreed to repurchase from the Investors $3.4 million in principal amount of the Company’s Funding Notes and accrued interest, along with the February 2025 Warrants issued pursuant to the February 2025 SPEA for an aggregate purchase price of $4.2 million. In exchange for the repurchase by the Company of the Funding Notes and SPEA Warrants, the Purchasers agreed to consent to the March 2025 Private Placement and eliminate the New Financing Restrictions.

May 2024 Private Placement

On May 5, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “May 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors, including certain of the Company’s directors and executive officers (“Company Insiders”) (collectively, the “May 2024 Purchasers”), for the sale and issuance by the Company of its securities (the “Initial Subscription”). On May 8, 2024, the Company entered into a first amendment to the May 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement (together with the May 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement, the “May 2024 Purchase Agreement”), for the sale and issuance by the Company of additional securities to two of the May 2024 Purchasers (the “Additional Subscription,” and together with the Initial Subscription, the “May 2024 Private Placement”). The May 2024 Purchase Agreement provides for the sale and issuance by the Company of an aggregate of 3,591,532 shares (the “May 2024 Private Placement Shares”) of the Company’s common stock or, at the election of each May 2024 Purchaser, pre-funded warrants (the “May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrants”), exercisable immediately at an exercise price of $0.001 per share, with each May 2024 Private Placement Share or May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrant accompanied by (i) a May 2024 Series A common warrant (“May 2024 Series A Warrants”) to purchase one share of common stock, for an aggregate of 3,591,532 May 2024 Series A Warrants, and (ii) one May 2024 Series B common warrant (“May 2024 Series B Warrants”) to purchase one share of common stock, for an aggregate of 3,591,532 May 2024 Series B Warrants.

The combined purchase price for each May 2024 Private Placement Share and May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrant from the Initial Subscription was $2.022, and $2.158 from the Additional Subscription, in each case together with one accompanying May 2024 Series A Warrant and one accompanying May 2024 Series B Warrant provided, that the Company Insiders participated in the Initial Subscription at an offering price of $2.04 per May 2024 Private Placement Share and accompanying May 2024 Series A Warrant and May 2024 Series B Warrant.

The exercise price of May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants from the Initial Subscription is $1.772 per share from the Initial Subscription and $1.908 per share from the Additional Subscription, provided that the exercise price for the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants issued to the Company Insiders is $1.79 per share. Subject to certain ownership limitations, the May 2024 Series A Warrants will be exercisable until May 9, 2029, which is the five-year anniversary of issuance. Subject to certain ownership limitations, the May 2024 Series B Warrants will be exercisable until June 24, 2025. The May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrant will not expire until exercised in full.

Prior to the Amendment and Restatements (as defined below), if a holder of a May 2024 Series A Warrant or a May 2024 Series B Warrant was unable to exercise the warrant due to the limitation contained in the warrant that restricts the holder from owning above a specified beneficial ownership level (generally 4.99% or 9.99%) as the result of exercise of the warrant, then the holder had the right to elect upon exercise of the warrant to receive a May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrant for the same number of shares of common stock that would otherwise have been received upon exercise of the warrant. In addition, prior to the Amendment and Restatements, the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants provided for a call right starting June 24, 2025, in favor of the Company, if the volume-weighted average price of the shares of common stock exceeds specified prices.

The May 2024 Private Offering closed on May 9, 2024. The Company issued 1,439,988 shares of common stock, 2,151,544 May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrants, 3,591,532 May 2024 Series A Warrants and 3,591,532 May 2024 Series B Warrants to purchase shares of its common stock in connection with the May 2024 Private Placement. The net proceeds from the May 2024 Private Placement were approximately $7.3 million.

The Company reviewed the terms of the May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrants, May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants under the authoritative accounting guidance as of the issuance date.

As described above, the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants were initially classified as liabilities for the reason that they could have been exercised into either shares of common stock or May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrants at the holder’s option and thus failed the indexation guidance under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. The May 2024 Series A Warrant and May 2024 Series B Warrant liability were initially recorded at fair value as of the issuance date, and under the terms of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants when issued that liability was subject to adjustment to estimated fair value at each balance sheet date until the warrants were settled. Refer below for additional information regarding the amendment of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants that eliminated the ability of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants to be exercised into Pre-Funded Warrants, and as a result, the reclassification of the May 2024 Series A and B Warrants from liability to equity section of the consolidated balance sheet.

The May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrants are equity classified because they (1) are freestanding financial instruments that are legally detachable and separately exercisable from the common stock, (2) are immediately exercisable, (3) do not embody an obligation for the Company to repurchase its shares, (4) permit the holder to receive a fixed number of shares of common stock upon exercise, (5) are indexed to the Company’s common stock and (6) meet the equity classification criteria.

The proceeds from the May 2024 Private Placement were first allocated to the full fair value of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants due to the initial liability classification. As disclosed in Note 4, Fair Value Measurements, the fair value of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants at issuance was $10.9 million. Under authoritative guidance, if the fair value of a warrant liability exceeds the proceeds received in an arm’s length transaction with no rights or privileges that require separate accounting recognition as an asset identified, then the warrant liability is recorded at fair value with the excess of fair value over proceeds recognized as a loss in earnings. The Company recognized approximately $3.5 million in financing expense in the consolidated statement of operations during year ended December 31, 2024, which represents the excess of the fair value of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants at issuance over the proceeds. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized a fair value gain on warrant liability of $5.7 million. Proceeds from the May 2024 Private Placement are shown as cash from financing transactions and the gain on warrant liability is included as an adjustment to reconcile the net loss to net cash used in operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In addition, total offering expenses related to the May 2024 Private Placement of $0.4 million were recorded as a component of other expenses as the entire proceeds were allocated to the warrant liability, which, prior to the amendment described below, could be settled with either the Company’s shares of common stock or May 2024 Pre-Funded Warrants, which are exercisable into the Company’s shares of common stock at any time at the holders’ option, but not in cash payment to the holders.

Amendment and Restatement of May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants

On August 9, 2024, the Company amended and restated the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants (the “Amendment and Restatements”) issued in the May 2024 Private Placement. The Amendment and Restatements eliminated the ability of the holders of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants to elect to purchase Pre-Funded Warrants upon exercise of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants in lieu of shares of common stock if the holder would have been restricted because of the specified beneficial ownership level in the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants.

In addition, the Amendment and Restatements eliminated the Company’s call right under the terms of the May 2024 Series A Warrants to call the May 2024 Series A Warrants after June 24, 2025, if the volume-weighted average price of shares of common stock exceeded specified prices. There were no other changes in the terms of the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants.

As a result of the Amendment and Restatements, the May 2024 Series A Warrants and May 2024 Series B Warrants, as amended, no longer fail the indexation guidance under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and the fair value of the warrant liability at the amendment date, in the amount of $5.2 million, was reclassified to equity.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, 6,535,731 of prefunded warrants and 497,824 of May 2024 Series B Warrants were exercised. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had the following warrants outstanding in the base warrant shares at issuance and number of common stock equivalent that are issuable upon exercise (due to the price reset feature of the March 2025 Series A Warrants and March 2025 Series B Warrants, and the three times multiplier for the March 2025 Series B Warrants, both described above, the shares to be issued for these two instruments upon exercises are more than the base share amounts):


	Number of base warrant shares at issuance		Number of shares issuable upon exercise
May 2024 Series A Warrants		48,285		48,285
May 2024 Series B Warrants		3,093,708		3,093,708
March 2025 Series A Warrants		28,042,139		84,645,187
March 2025 Series B Warrants		84,126,417		366,628,441
March 2025 Prefunded Warrants		19,396,099		19,396,099
Total		134,706,648		473,811,720

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Biocept Asset Acquisitions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Biocept Asset Acquisitions

10. Biocept Asset Acquisitions

On April 26, 2024, the Company, after having its bid accepted by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, acquired from Biocept, Inc. (“Biocept”), for a total cash payment of $400,000, substantially all of the right, title and interest in a cerebrospinal fluid cancer diagnostic portfolio (the “CNSideTM Platform”), including (i) intellectual property, (ii) inventory and raw materials, and (iii) data, information, results and reports pertaining to the completed and on-going clinical studies involving the use of the CNSideTM Platform (including, but not limited to, the FORESEE clinical study that was being conducted by Biocept), related to the development, making, selling, and exporting or importing of the CNSideTM proprietary cell enumeration test (the “CNSideTM Test”).

The Company concluded that the acquisition of the Biocept assets was not a business combination, as Biocept did not meet the definition of a business in ASC 805, Business Combination. The Company accounted for the asset purchase transaction under the authoritative guidance for asset acquisitions, and allocated the costs of acquisitions of approximately $45,000 among the assets acquired based on the relative fair value of such assets, which is predominately concentrated in the intellectual property acquired including patents and trademarks. The intangible assets acquired from Biocept are capitalized and amortized over a useful life of four years.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue	$ 1,059,000	$ 1,677,000
Revenue, Product and Service [Extensible Enumeration]	Grant [Member]	Grant [Member]
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$ 1,756,000	$ 2,763,000
General and administrative	2,839,000	2,213,000
Total operating expenses	4,595,000	4,976,000
Operating loss	(3,536,000)	(3,299,000)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	1,000	72,000
Interest expense	(548,000)	(34,000)
Financing expenses	(3,211,000)
Warrant issuance costs	(964,000)
Change in fair value of derivative instruments	(9,143,000)
Total other expense	(13,865,000)	38,000
Net loss	$ (17,401,000)	$ (3,261,000)
Net loss per share, basic	$ (1.19)	$ (0.75)
Net loss per share, diluted	$ (1.19)	$ (0.75)
Basic weighted average shares used in calculating net loss per share attributable to common stockholders	14,566,724	4,321,731
Diluted weighted average shares used in calculating net loss per share attributable to common stockholders	14,566,724	4,321,731

Stock-based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($) shares
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock shares to be issued (in shares)	707,088
Stock option contractual term	10 years
Stock option vesting percentage	25.00%
Total unamortized compensation cost related to outstanding unvested stock options and restricted stock awards \| $	$ 1.1
Weighted average period for recognition of cost	2 years 10 months 24 days
Minimum [Member]
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option vesting period	2 years
Maximum [Member]
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option vesting period	4 years
2015 Plan [Member]
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Securities remaining and available for future issuances (in shares)	76,024
2020 Plan [Member]
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Securities remaining and available for future issuances (in shares)	8,743
Common stock shares to be issued (in shares)	236,667

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Loss per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Diluted Loss per Share


	As of March 31,
	2025		2024
Outstanding stock options		1,268,939		303,133
Preferred stock		28,190		28,190
Outstanding warrants (Note 12)		3,141,993		142,733
Total		4,439,122		474,056

Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Composition Of Certain Financial Statement Captions [Abstract]

Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions

8. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, other current assets were comprised of the following (in thousands):



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Prepaid services	$	151	$	87
Deferred costs (Note 7)		444		436
Prepaid insurance		406		559
	$	1,001	$	1,082

Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Standards (Policies)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Standards	The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual financial statements. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2024, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations of Plus Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”) have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes therein included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2025.
Grant Revenue Recognition	Grant Revenue Recognition In applying the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), the Company has determined that government grants are out of the scope of ASC 606 because the funding entities do not meet the definition of a “customer”, as defined by ASC 606, as the Company does not consider there to be a transfer of control of goods or services. With respect to each grant, the Company determines if it has a collaboration in accordance with ASC Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements (“ASC 808”). For grants outside the scope of ASC 808, the Company applies International Accounting Standards No. 20 ("IAS 20"), Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance, by analogy, and revenue is recognized when the Company incurs expenses related to the grant for the amount the Company is entitled to under the provisions of the contract. The Company also considers the guidance in ASC Topic 730, Research and Development, which requires an assessment, at the inception of each grant, of whether each grant agreement is a liability. If the Company is obligated to repay funds received regardless of the outcome of the related research and development activities, then the Company is required to estimate and recognize that liability. Alternatively, if the Company is not required to repay the funds, then payments received are recorded as revenue or contra-expense as the expenses are incurred. Deferred grant liability represents grant funds received or receivable for which the allowable expenses have not yet been incurred as of the balance sheet date. Grant Receivable represents grant funds not yet received for which the allowable expenses have been incurred as of the balance sheet date.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosure. This ASU includes amendments that further enhance income tax disclosures, primarily through standardization and disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The ASU is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2024, but early adoption is permitted. This ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, although retrospective application is permitted. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2025 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement (Topic 220): Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures, which requires an entity to disclose on an annual and interim basis, disaggregated information about specific income statement expense categories. The guidance should be applied prospectively with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The standard becomes effective for the annual period starting on January 1, 2027 and interim periods starting on January 1, 2028. The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact that the adoption of ASU 2024-03 will have on its disclosures.
Use of Estimates	The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s most significant estimates and critical accounting policies involve estimating fair value of its derivative instruments, reviewing assets for impairment and determining the assumptions used in measuring stock-based compensation expense.

- Definition

Disclosure of accounting policy for revenue from contract with customer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-17

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Segment Information - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
Segment Information - Additional Information (Details)	Mar. 31, 2025 Segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of operating segment	1
Segment Reporting, Expense Information Used by CODM, Description	The determination of a single reportable business segment is consistent with the consolidated financial information regularly provided to the Company’s CODM. All of the Company's long-term assets and operations are located in the United States, and the measure of segment assets is reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as total assets.
Segment Reporting, CODM, Individual Title and Position or Group Name [Extensible Enumeration]	srt:ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember
Segment Reporting, Expense Information Used by CODM, Type [Extensible Enumeration]	Net Income (Loss)